Jack L. Wyszomierski has been a director since February 2004. From June 2004 to June 2009, Mr. Wyszomierski served as the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of VWR International, LLC, a supplier of laboratory supplies, equipment and supply chain solutions to the global research laboratory industry. From 1982 to 2003, Mr. Wyszomierski held positions of increasing responsibility within the finance group at Schering-Plough Corporation, a health care company, culminating with his appointment as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in 1996. Prior to joining Schering-Plough, he was responsible for capitalization planning at Joy Manufacturing Company, a producer of mining equipment, and was a management consultant at Data Resources, Inc. Mr. Wyszomierski has served: as a member of the board of directors of XOMA Corporation, a publicly held biotech royalty aggregator, since August 2010; as a member of the board of directors of Athersys, Inc., a publicly held company engaged in the discovery and development of therapeutic product candidates, since June 2010; and as a member of the board of directors of SiteOne Landscape Supply, Inc., a publicly held company that distributes landscape supply products, since April 2016.

Mr. Wyszomierski previously served as a member of the board of directors of: Unigene Laboratories, Inc., a publicly held biopharmaceutical company, from April 2010 to July 2013; AssuraMed Holding, Inc., a privately held distributor of home healthcare products, from January 2011 until its acquisition by Cardinal Health Inc. in March 2013; and Solenis, Inc., a privately held chemicals producer from August 2014 until its acquisition by Platinum Equity in November 2021. Mr. Wyszomierski holds a M.S. in Industrial Administration and a B.S. in Administration, Management Science and Economics from Carnegie Mellon University.

Julie Anne Smith has been a director since September 2016. Since January 2023, Ms. Smith has served as Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of Nuvig Therapeutics, Inc., a privately held biopharmaceutical company developing proprietary recombinant human therapeutics for patients with autoimmune disease. Previously, Ms. Smith served as President and Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the board of directors of ESCAPE Bio Inc., a privately held, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing novel, precisely targeted therapeutics for genetically defined neurodegenerative diseases, from August 2018 to December 2022, and as President and Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the board of directors of Nuredis, Inc., a privately held biotechnology company, from July 2017 to June 2018. Prior to Nuredis, she served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Raptor Pharmaceutical Corp., a publicly held biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing transformative treatments for people affected by rare and debilitating diseases, from January 2015 until the company’s acquisition by Horizon Pharma plc in October 2016, where she also served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from 2012 to 2014.

From 2008 to 2012, Ms. Smith served as Chief Commercial Officer of Enobia Pharmaceuticals prior to the company’s acquisition by Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Previously, Ms. Smith served as Vice President of Commercial at Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc from 2006 to 2008, as Vice President, Global Marketing at Genzyme General from 2001 to 2005, and helped to establish the operations and business development function for the biotech start-up, Novazyme Pharmaceuticals, from 2000 to 2001. Ms. Smith began her industry career at Bristol-Myers Squibb Company in 1996. Ms. Smith has served as a member of the board of directors of Stoke Therapeutics, Inc., a publicly held biotechnology company pioneering a new way to treat the underlying cause of genetic diseases by precisely unregulating protein expression, since June 2020. Previously, Ms. Smith served as a member of the board of directors of Audentes Therapeutics, Inc. a publicly held, clinical -stage biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing gene therapy products for patients suffering from serious, life-threatening rare diseases caused by single gene defects, from December 2016 until its acquisition by Astellas Pharma Inc. in January 2020, and as a Director on the Health and Emerging Companies Sections of the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) board. Ms. Smith holds a B.S. in biological and nutritional sciences from Cornell University.

George Poste, DVM, Ph.D., FRS, has been a director since August 2004. Since February 2009, Dr. Poste has been the Chief Scientist at Complex Adaptive Systems Initiative and Regents’ Professor and Del E. Webb Professor of Health Innovation at Arizona State University. From May 2003 to February 2009, Dr. Poste served as the director of the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University. Dr. Poste has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Health Technology Networks, a consulting company that specializes in the application of genomic technologies and computing in healthcare, since 2000. From 1992 to 1999, he was the Chief Science and Technology Officer and President, R&D, of SmithKline Beecham Corporation, a pharmaceutical company (later merged into GlaxoSmithKline plc).

Dr. Poste served on the Defense Science Board of the U.S. Department of Defense from 2001 to 2010 and is a member of other organizations dedicated to advancing defenses against bioweapons and biowarfare. Dr. Poste has served as a member of the board of directors of Caris Life Sciences, a privately held medical diagnostics company, since 2009, as a member of the board of directors of InanoBio, Inc., a privately held biotechnology company, since 2021, and as a member of the board of directors of MediSix Therapeutics Pte. Ltd. (Singapore), a privately held immune engineering company developing novel cellular therapies to address Ta cell malignancies, since December 2022. Previously, Dr. Poste served as a member of the board of directors of Monsanto Company, a publicly held provider of agricultural products and solutions, from February 2003 until its acquisition by Bayer Aktiengesellschaft in June 2018, and as the non-executive chairman of the board of directors of Orchid Cellmark, Inc., a publicly held DNA forensics company, from April 2000 until its acquisition by the Laboratory Corporation of America in August 2009. Dr. Poste is a Fellow of the Royal Society, the UK Academy of Medical Sciences, Hoover Institution, Stanford University, and various other prestigious organizations and has been awarded honorary doctorates from several universities. Dr. Poste holds a DVM in veterinary medicine and a Ph.D. in Virology from the University of Bristol, England and Board Certification in Pathology from the Royal College of Pathologists.

Alan M. Garber, M.D., Ph.D., has been a director since January 2005. He became Provost of Harvard University, Mallinckrodt Professor of Health Care Policy at Harvard Medical School, and a Professor in the Harvard Kennedy School of Government and in the Department of Economics at Harvard in September 2011. Before moving to Harvard, from 1998 to 2011, he was the Henry J. Kaiser Jr. Professor, a Professor of Medicine, and a Professor (by courtesy) of Economics, Health Research and Policy, and of Economics in the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University. Dr. Garber also served as the Director of the Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research and the Center for Health Policy at Stanford. During his tenure at Stanford University, Dr. Garber also served as a Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and as a staff physician at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. Dr. Garber has served as a member of the board of directors of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, a publicly held biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing therapies for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, since June 2017.

In addition, Dr. Garber is a one of several co-founders and serves as the chair of the board of directors for Landmark Bio, PBLLC (f/k/a the Center for Advanced Biological Innovation and Manufacturing), a public benefit limited liability company in the Boston metro area created to encourage collaboration among multiple institutions, with the ultimate aim of promoting the development and production of cell and gene therapies, biologics, immunotherapies and other emerging technologies that can benefit patients. Dr. Garber is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, the American Society of Clinical Investigation, the Association of American Physicians and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians, the Royal College of Physicians and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Garber is also a Research Associate with the National Bureau of Economic Research and served as founding Director of its Health Care Program for nineteen years. He has also served as a member of the National Advisory Council on Aging at the National Institutes of Health, as a member of the Board of Health Advisers of the Congressional Budget Office and as Chair of the Medicare Evidence Development and Coverage Advisory Committee at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Dr. Garber previously served on the editorial board of a number of acclaimed scientific journals and has received numerous awards and honors. Dr. Garber holds an A.B. summa cum laude, an A.M. and a Ph.D., all in Economics, from Harvard University, and an M.D. with research honors from Stanford University.